Background and Aim: TOOTH MOBILITY, which is prevalent among patients seeking dental healthcare services, happens when the TOOTH is reversibly displaced horizontally or vertically beyond its normal physiological limits. TOOTH MOBILITY is classified into 2 subgroups: localized and generalized. Generalized TOOTH MOBILITY occurs when more than 2 teeth are mobile. In this review, the available studies regarding the common etiologies of generalized TOOTH MOBILITY are discussed. Materials and Methods: In this review article, data were collected by reviewing the available articles published between 2011 to 2021 in national and international journals by searching the PubMed, PubMed Central, Medline, EBSCO, Google Scholar, and Embase databases using the key words “, TOOTH MOBILITY”, , “, TOOTH Movement”,“, Periodontal Disease”, , “, Systemic Disease”, , and “, Malignant Disease”, . Among the relevant articles, 51 were chosen. Results: It seems that numerous etiologies, which can be either physiological or pathological, can result in generalized TOOTH MOBILITY. Conclusion: Since an optimal treatment outcome depends on accurate diagnosis, it is crucial for the dentists to be aware of the common etiologies of this condition.

Introduction: Currently, a substance called casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate has been used as a substitute for fluoride mouthwash. This study aimed to compare the remineralization rate of fluoridated GC TOOTH mousse with concomitant use of fluoride mouthwash and GC TOOTH mousse on demineralized enamel lesions.Materials & Methods: In this laboratory study, 50 samples were selected from 30 intact human premolars, halved into buccal and lingual segments, and randomly divided into five groups. Enamel health was recorded using a DIAGNOdent device and Vickers micro hardness test.Afterwards, the remineralized agents were applied to the surface of samples for two weeks as follows: 1) Control, 2) Fluoridated GC TOOTH mousse, 3) GC TOOTH mousse, 4) Sodium fluoride mouthwash and 5) Sodium fluoride mouthwash+GC TOOTH mousse. Repeatedly, enamel remineralization values were recorded via DIAGNOdent device, and data were analyzed using one-way and two-way repeated measures ANOVA tests.Results: Our findings indicated that no significant difference was observed between remineralization rate of fluoridated GC TOOTH mousse and concomitant use of fluoride mouthwash and GC TOOTH mousse, evaluated by DIAGNOdent device (P=0.959) and Vickers micro hardness test (P=0.884).Conclusion: According to the results, application of fluoridated GC TOOTH mousse with concomitant use of fluoride mouthwash and GC TOOTH mousse had a similar impact on remineralization of demineralized enamel lesions.

Efficient distribution of service requests between fog and cloud nodes considering user MOBILITY and fog nodes’ overload is an important issue of fog computing. This paper proposes a heuristic method for task placement considering the MOBILITY of users, aiming to serve a higher number of requested services and minimize their response time. This method introduces a formula to overload prediction based on the entry-exit ratio of users and the estimated time required to perform current requests that are waiting in the queue of a fog node. Then, it provides a solution to avoid the predicted overloading of fog nodes by sending all delay-tolerant requests in the overloaded fog node’s queue to the cloud to reduce the time required for servicing delay-sensitive requests and to increase their acceptance rate. In addition, to prevent requests from being rejected when the mobile user leaves the coverage area of the current fog node, the requests in the current fog node’s queue will be transferred to the destination fog node. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method is effective in avoiding the overloading of the fog nodes and outperforms the existing methods in terms of response time and acceptance rate.

Background and Aim: The important role of genetics has been recognized in recent years with respect to the understanding of TOOTH agenesis (TA). Identification of genetic mutations in individuals with TOOTH agenesis or other dental anomalies will enable preclinical diagnosis and improves orthodontic treatment. The aim of the present study is to assess the relationship between T.A and MSXI mutation.Methods &Materials: Case group consisted of 20 individuals with T.A and control group consisted of 20 individuals with complete set of dentition. Blood samples were collected and DNA's were extracted with P.C.I Ext Method. DNA's were amplified with PCR technique and after addition of Ban II on PCR product, presence or absence of MSXI mutation was evaluated. Evaluation was based on presence of additional DNA band in gel of electrophoresis in case group. Chi square test was used to compare two qualitative traits. Results: Ban II had no effect on DNA of control group (195 bp) and digested the defected Allele in case group (106 bp and 89 bp.) (P-valve <0/001).Conclusion: In control group no mutation had occurred and all of individuals in case group, had heterozygous mutations and there is a high significant statistical relation ship between T.A and MSXI mutations. Given the absence of TOOTH follicle in dental radiography, formation or agenesis of the mentioned TOOTH can be determined by means of explained method of present study. After all, performing a blood test can prognosticate whether the future TOOTH can be developed or not.

This paper reports multidisciplinary treatment of a dental trauma case to achieve a favorable prognosis. A healthy 14-year-old girl reported avulsion of teeth 11 and 21 which had occurred three months earlier. The initial treatment consisting of replantation with a semi-rigid splint was performed in hospital. At presentation, the patient was still using the semi-rigid splint. The clinical examination revealed the presence of increased MOBILITY in teeth 11 and 21, and absence of vitality in both. Radiographic examination showed the presence of inflammatory external root resorption in both teeth. The treatment proposed consisted of teeth extraction, a temporary prosthesis followed by adhesive prosthesis, and finally, implant surgery associated with porcelain crowns.

This paper describes and compares two species of Aphanius consisting A. vladykovi from Chaghakhor wetland (Chaharmahal-va-Bakhteyari province) and A. sophiae from Qomy-Abad Of varamine (Tehran province). In total, 59 morphometric and meristic characters were measured for each specimen. Ordination based on first and second factors resulted from Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that two species are significantly different.(Males and females were compared separately to obviate sexual variation (A. vladykovi. 30 males and 26 females) (A. sophiae 22 males and 20 females). In females the characters consisting of predorsal length, preanal length, body depth, total length, head length, head width, prepelvic length and head depth were associated with the first component which accounted for 27% of the total variance. In males the characters consisting of head length, pre dorsal length, total length, preanal lengtn, head depth, postorbital length, head depth, pre pelvic length, caudal peduncle depth, mouth width and anal fin length were associated with the first component which accounted for about 33 % of the total variance in scores.

In their study, Brenna and Spandonaro analyzed the MOBILITY into Italian regions. In particular, it analyzes the situation of 5 regions, with very different backgrounds. With this paper, we try to better define the meaning of health MOBILITY and to find its underlying causes. Furthermore, we propose a strategy that could help in controlling MOBILITY flows that currently are the source of health inequalities.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare, proliferative disorder which is characterized by proliferation of pathological Langerhans cells within different organs. In 90% of cases the head and neck are affected. In this article, we report a 2.5-year-old boy with LCH who was referred to the pediatric department of Babol Dental School, with a chief complaint of fever, mucosal ulceration, gingival necrosis and TOOTH MOBILITY. Our clinical diagnosis was Langerhans cell disease. In panoramic radiography, multiple well-defined radiolucencies were observed in both maxilla and mandible. Histopathological examination confirmed our diagnosis. The patient underwent chemotherapy with vinblastine for one year. Oral manifestations are common findings in LCH, therefore, dentist plays an important role in both diagnosis and management of this disease.